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Background:Glucophage metformin is a prescription drug used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. The mechanism of action of metformin is due to its inhibition of hepatic gluconeogenesis. Metformin does not have hepatic hepatic clearance, but does increase hepatic cGMP levels, thereby decreasing hepatic glucose production. Metformin is the most frequently used antidiabetic drug, but it may be more potent at lowering blood glucose levels when taken during intensive care unit and in acute coronary syndrome. This study examined whether metformin reduces the incidence and severity of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the relationship between metformin and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: This multicenter, open-label, randomized, double-blind study, with a convenience sample design was performed in the United States of America. Patients with diabetes mellitus were randomized to receive metformin (200 mg twice daily) or placebo. Participants with diabetes mellitus and/or an additional risk factor for developing hypoglycemia (glucose-dependent diabetes mellitus, or GDM) were excluded from the study. All patients were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus or GDM by a specialist who prescribed metformin. Blood glucose control was obtained using the National Chir Register and fasting blood glucose was measured using the Glucophage 1.5/2.5 mg/ml test. A composite score of total glycemic control, hypoglycemic symptoms, diabetic ketoacidosis, and other cardiovascular risk factors was derived. Results: A total of 12,853 patients were included, of which 2,521 were excluded due to hypoglycemia (n=15) and 1,876 patients received metformin (n=7). The mean age of the patients was 59.3 (SD, 6.1) years, and the mean age of patients taking metformin was 61.2 (SD, 7.1) years (P<0.001). There was a significant association between metformin use and a significantly higher incidence of a composite score of total glycemic control, hypoglycemic symptoms, diabetic ketoacidosis, and other cardiovascular risk factors (P<0.05). The composite score was also higher in patients who received metformin (P<0.01). Conclusions: Metformin reduces the incidence and severity of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and may be useful in treating the condition. This study may lead to the development of safer and more effective agents to control blood sugar and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and may have a role in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with reduced risk factors for developing hypoglycemia.

About the Authors:

Dr. J. A. G. Lutzer, Professor of Clinical Pharmacy and Gastroenterology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

Prof. B. Pritchard, Professor of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

R. Meehan, Dr. H. Dalia, Dr. S. D. M. Gogozo, Dr. K. Kish, Dr. Kose, Dr. O. Lee, Dr. L. E. C. Lee, and Dr. Lee

Lee, D. Lee, B. Lee, H. Lee, R. Lee, S.

Product description

Product name:GLUCOPHAGE XR 750 MG

Company name:

DIN:0083527

Status:Marketed

Status date:2017-03-30

Active ingredient(s)Strength
D3-glucose monohydrate1000 mg

Resources

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For consumers
ResourceDescription

The Product Monograph is a scientific document that describes the properties, claims, indications and conditions of use of the product and contains any other information that may be required for optimal, safe and effective use.

The Product Monograph includes three sections:

  • Part I: Health Professional Information;
  • Part II: Scientific Information; and
  • Patient Medication Information

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All suspected side effects should be reported, especially those that are:

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  • Reactions to recently marketed health products (on the market for less than five years), regardless of their nature or severity.
For health care professionals

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      All resources

      Market Overview

      Glucophage, a branded diabetes medication, is part of a growing class of drugs known as biguanides. The metformin class of drugs is particularly effective at reducing blood sugar levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, offering a valuable addition to the diabetes management arsenal.

      Market Size and Growth

      The global glucophage drug market is expected to experience substantial growth over the coming years. As of 2023, the market size was valued at USD 3.27 billion and is projected to reach USD 4.87 billion by 2031[1][4].

      Regional Analysis

      North America

      North America is expected to experience the substantial growth rate from the Asia Pacific region. It is also a leading region for metformin due to its prevalence in the region[1].

      Asia Pacific

      This region is driven by diabetes, driven by the growing prevalence of diabetes in the region[1].

      Latin America

      Latin America holds the market leading position due to the availability of top-line metformin prescriptions[1].

      Europe

      Europe is expected to experience the significant growth rate from the region in the future. It is anticipated to be the fastest-growing market in years non-aganza[1].

      Africa

      Africa is expected to experience substantial growth due to its growing population, rising awareness about health and the growing geriatric population. Additionally, the country’s aging population and increasing healthcare expenditures are enhancing healthcare affordability[1].

      Middle East and Africa

      These regions are also home to a significant metformin market which includes the region’s major drug markets like Humalog and Frusemide. These markets are highly lucrative as they offer the highest tier of prescriptions for metformin in regions like the Middle East and Africa[1].

      Key Takeaways

      • The glucophage market is projected to grow significantly, driven by factors like diabetes, obesity and the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes.
      • North America and the Asia Pacific region are the major regions for the metformin market, with Asia Pacific expected to be the largest region driven by diabetes[1][4].
      • The metformin market is driven by diabetes, obesity and type 2 diabetes.
      • However, the market is also expected to grow due to increasing healthcare expenditures.
      • North America and the Asia Pacific region are the key regions for metformin growth.
      • The market is also expected to be the dominant region for metformin use.

      Introduction

      Glucophage, commonly known as metformin, is a widely used medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Here are some key points about the market:

      Market Scope

      A market for glucophage is be seen with several key factors contributing to it reaching its cGMP. Metformin, a major component of Glucophage, can be classified into three major groups [1]:
      • Metformin: The primary form of diabetes medication
      • Second Nature-2A: A Type-2 diabetes drug, often used for conditions such as type 2 diabetes, when used as a first-line treatment.
      • Targeted Therapy: Metformin is typically used in combination with other medications to achieve better control of blood sugar levels and minimize the risk of hypoglycemia[2].

      Market CAGR

      As of 2023, the global glucophage market was valued at USD 3.27 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 4.87 billion by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 3.51% during the growing years.

      As of 2031

      The metformin market, including the Asia Pacific region, was projected to grow at a CAGR of 3.9% to 4.1%, driven by diabetes prevalence and increasing awareness about health and lifestyle changes among those in developing countries[1].

      Key Drivers

      1. Increasing Diabetes Prevalence: The growing population and increasing healthcare expenditure in the United States and around the world are driving the rising prevalence of diabetes in the country[1].

      Medications for diabetes treatment are important components of health care. While medications are used to treat diabetes, they are also used to prevent diabetes. In Canada, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved three types of medications for diabetes prevention: (1) diabetes drugs (insulin, metformin, and metformin-glipizide); (2) insulin and glucophage (liraglutide), which are used to treat type 1 diabetes; and (3) dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i). Insulin is the most effective type of insulin, and glucophage is a more effective medication than insulin. It works by increasing the amount of glucose that is absorbed from the intestines. However, it is not approved by the FDA for the treatment of diabetes. PDP-4i is also approved by the FDA for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. The other drugs that are used to treat diabetes include metformin, which is an oral antidiabetic agent; metformin-glipizide, which is a long-acting oral antidiabetic drug; and metformin-glipizide, which is a combination of metformin and glipizide. Insulin is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and is not approved by the FDA for this purpose. It is also not approved by the FDA for the treatment of diabetes. It is also not approved by the FDA for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. In addition, the medications that are used to treat diabetes include metformin, metformin-glipizide, metformin, and insulin.

      Show More

      Glucophage, a brand name for metformin, was approved in the U. S. in 1997 and has since been available in Canada for several years. Metformin-Glipizide is a long-acting oral antidiabetic drug that is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. It is not approved by the FDA for the treatment of diabetes. It is also not approved for the treatment of diabetes. It is also not approved for the treatment of diabetes by the FDA for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Glucophage is available as a generic medication that is used to treat type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance. It is used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is approved by the FDA for the treatment of diabetes. Glucophage is approved by the FDA for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. It is also approved by the FDA for the treatment of diabetes. The two drugs used in this medication are metformin and glipizide. Metformin is available as a brand-name drug. Glipizide is a brand-name drug that is used to treat type 1 diabetes. Glipizide is available as a brand-name drug. Glipizide is approved by the FDA for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. The other medications that are used to treat diabetes include metformin, metformin-glipizide, and insulin. Insulin is a type of medication that is used to treat diabetes. Insulin is approved by the FDA for the treatment of diabetes. Insulin is also used to treat type 2 diabetes. Insulin is approved by the FDA for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Insulin is also used to treat diabetic foot care. It is also used to treat type 1 diabetes.

      Glucophage, a brand-name drug, is available as a generic medication. It is a type of medication that is used to treat type 1 diabetes. It is a type of medication that is used to treat diabetes. Glipizide is a type of medication that is used to treat diabetes. Glipizide is also a brand-name drug that is used to treat diabetes. It is also a type of medication used to treat type 1 diabetes. It is used to treat type 1 diabetes. Metformin is available as a generic medication. Glipizide is a brand-name drug.

      How to use Glucophage XR

      The recommended starting dose of Glucophage XR is 10 mg three times daily, with each dose containing one tablet of the medication.

      General effects

      Drowsiness and weight gain have been reported. Do not use more than once a day. Do not drink alcohol while taking the medication. Drink a full glass of water while taking the medication. If you experience nausea, headache, or dizziness, discontinue use and seek medical help right away. Do not take the medication for at least 14 days after your last dose. Some conditions may require several weeks before a full benefit is seen. Contact your doctor if you notice muscle spasms, pain, tenderness, or swelling after 7 days of starting Glucophage XR. Contact your doctor if you experience severe dehydration, signs of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), or evidence of kidney problems. Contact your doctor if you experience difficulty breathing or rapid weight gain. Contact your doctor if you experience muscle spasms, pain, tenderness, or swelling after 7 days of starting Glucophage XR.